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Writing With AI

Working up your own notes is the case where drafting help is least risky

When the substance already exists in rough form, the task becomes ordering and expressing rather than inventing, and nearly every failure mode of generated prose recedes.

By Adrian Novak3 min read

Editorial note. Independent reporting and analysis. Nothing here is sponsored or paid for. How we work.

Why this case is different

Most complaints about generated prose come from the same root: the material wasn’t there, so it was filled in with whatever is generally said about the subject. Vagueness, invented specifics and confident wrongness all follow from asking for content that nobody supplied.

Writing up your own notes removes that root cause. The facts are yours, the observations are yours, the argument is at least sketched. What is being asked for is arrangement, connective tissue and consistent prose — jobs that are genuinely mechanical and that most people find tedious.

This is also the case where you can tell immediately when something is wrong, because you know what the notes said. Verification, elsewhere the expensive part, costs almost nothing here. That is what makes it the safest arrangement rather than merely a convenient one.

Mark what is fact, what is yours, and what is uncertain

Rough notes rarely distinguish between something you observed, something someone told you, something you inferred and something you suspect. In your head the distinction is clear. On the page it disappears, and a write-up will present all four in the same confident register.

A few marks in the notes solve it. Anything flagged as uncertain should stay uncertain in the prose, anything attributed should keep its attribution, and anything that is your own conclusion should be visibly yours. Say in the instruction that these distinctions must survive, because the natural pull is to flatten them.

Then read the draft specifically for firmed-up claims. It is the one check this arrangement really needs, and it takes a couple of minutes because you are comparing against a source you wrote.

Order the material yourself

The sequence of an argument is thinking, not formatting. Handing over unordered notes and accepting whatever order comes back means the piece is organised by association rather than by reasoning, and that is very hard to detect while reading, because associative order reads smoothly.

Group the notes yourself, even crudely, and put the groups in the order you want them argued. Then the writing-up genuinely is writing-up. This takes ten minutes and is the highest-value ten minutes in the process.

Where you are unsure of the order, ask for two or three possible sequences with a line on what each emphasises, and choose. That is a different request from asking for a draft, and it keeps the structural decision with you while still getting help with it.

Expect padding, and cut it as a habit

Notes are dense and prose isn’t, so the write-up expands. Some of that expansion is legitimate — a note that reads three complaints, same week has to become a sentence. Some of it is scaffolding: introductions to sections, restatements, and transitional sentences that announce what the next paragraph will do.

A useful reflex is to compare the length of the draft against the volume of the notes. If twenty lines of notes became fourteen hundred words, most of the difference isn’t your material, and the piece has been diluted rather than written.

Cutting back towards the density of the notes usually improves it. This is one of the few cases where a shortening pass is safe, because you can see exactly which sentences correspond to something you actually recorded.

The exception is genuine explanation. A note that made sense to you at the time may need two sentences of background for anyone else, and that expansion is the piece doing its job rather than padding. The distinction is whether the added words carry information a reader lacks, or merely announce what is coming next.

Keep the notes, not just the piece

The finished write-up is a lossy version of what you knew at the time. Six months later, when someone questions a figure or you need the same material for something else, the notes are what you want and the polished paragraph is not.

So file them together, with dates. This costs nothing and repeatedly turns out to matter, particularly for anything that gets quoted onwards or built upon, where the question is not what did we say but what did we actually see.

It also protects the habit itself. The value in this whole arrangement comes from the notes being real, and the moment the notes become a thin prompt for a long document, you are back to the situation the arrangement was supposed to avoid.

There is a version of this that quietly stops working, and it is worth watching for. If you begin taking thinner notes because the write-up will fill the gaps anyway, the arrangement has inverted: the tool is no longer expressing what you observed, it is supplying most of it, and the safety came entirely from the other order.

Common questions

Why is writing up notes safer than drafting from scratch?

Because the material exists, so there is nothing to fill in. The failure modes people complain about — vagueness, invented specifics, confident errors — nearly all come from asking for content nobody supplied. And you can verify against a source you wrote yourself.

What should I check in the write-up?

Firmed-up claims. Rough notes blur what you observed, what you were told and what you suspect, and a draft tends to present all three in the same confident register. Marking uncertainty in the notes and checking it survived is the one check this really needs.

Should I let it decide the order of the material?

Order is reasoning, and associative order reads smoothly enough that you may not notice it. Group the notes yourself before handing them over, or ask for two or three candidate sequences and choose one, which keeps the structural decision with you.

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Adrian Novak
Deputy editor, Prompt After Prompt

Adrian has written about prompt craft, writing with ai, images & audio for most of the last decade and prefers a plain explanation to a clever one.